Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Panel: A Review and Experimental Applications

This article contains a review of essential control techniques for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to be applied in photovoltaic (PV) panel systems. These devices are distinguished by their capability to transform solar energy into electricity without emissions. Nevertheless, the efficiency can be enhanced provided that a suitable MPPT algorithm is well designed to obtain the maximum performance. From the analyzed MPPT algorithms, four different types were chosen for an experimental evaluation over a commercial PV system linked to a boost converter. As the reference that corresponds to the maximum power is depended on the irradiation and temperature, an artificial neural network (ANN) was used as a reference generator where a high accuracy was achieved based on real data. This was used as a tool for the implementation of sliding mode controller (SMC), fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and model predictive control (MPC). The outcomes allowed different conclusions where each controller has different advantages and disadvantages depending on the various factors related to hardware and software.This research was funded by the Basque Government through the project EKOHEGAZ (ELKARTEK KK-2021/00092), by the Diputación Foral de Álava (DFA), through the project CONAVANTER, and by the UPV/EHU, through the project GIU20/063

Ultrasound-based structural health monitoring methodology employing active and passive techniques

Currently, structures are examined during manufacturing by means of Non Destructive Tests (NDT), but there is an increasing interest in monitoring its integrity over its whole life cycle by using Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) strategies. The monitoring of aircraft structures is particularly important as they suffer high strain under extreme atmospheric conditions. There is an extensive literature on SHM for aviation available but there are few references on comprehensive methodologies. This article introduces a methodology, a device and the tests used in its validation. The electronic prototype for structural health monitoring applies ultrasound techniques by means of piezoelectric transducers. It is lightweight, has USB 2.0 connectivity and includes data pre-processing algorithms to improve its performance. It can run in pitch-catch and pulse-echo modes employing passive and active techniques. Passive techniques are used to detect impacts or fiber breakage in composite materials. Tests based on active techniques can bring to light several types of damages such as those caused abruptly or those produced progressively by corrosion, delamination or fatigue

Simulación analógica basada en Spice

En este libro se describen los análisis y dispositivos fundamentales disponibles en el programa de simulación electrónica SPICE. Está dirigido a aquellas personas con conocimientos básicos de electrónica que quieran aprender a utilizar este programa y a aquellas que, conociéndolo, dessen disponer de un manual de consulta rápida

Simulación analógica basada en Spice

En este libro se describen los análisis y dispositivos fundamentales disponibles en el programa de simulación electrónica SPICE. Está dirigido a aquellas personas con conocimientos básicos de electrónica que quieran aprender a utilizar este programa y a aquellas que, conociéndolo, dessen disponer de un manual de consulta rápida

Simulación analógica basada en Spice

En este libro se describen los análisis y dispositivos fundamentales disponibles en el programa de simulación electrónica SPICE. Está dirigido a aquellas personas con conocimientos básicos de electrónica que quieran aprender a utilizar este programa y a aquellas que, conociéndolo, dessen disponer de un manual de consulta rápida